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America Needs Same-sex Marriage - 2825 Words

On May 7, 2011, a young man named Tom Bridegroom fell to his death from a rooftop, leaving behind his devastated partner of six years, Shane Bitney Crone. Tom’s family had never accepted his relationship with Shane; in fact, members of Tom’s family attacked and threatened him when he told them he was gay. Because Shane and Tom could not legally marry, Shane was not entitled to any information regarding Tom’s death, memorial service, or burial arrangements (Crone). Tom’s family was able to move Tom’s body without notifying Shane, to keep Shane away from the memorial service, and to remove from Tom and Shane’s shared home any personal belongings that Tom’s family determined had belonged to Tom. Despite building a life together over the†¦show more content†¦A heterosexual unmarried couple, on the other hand, often has more leeway in such situations. While the unmarried heterosexual partner of an incapacitated person may not be ab le to make healthcare decisions on the incapacitated person’s behalf, he or she is more likely to be granted access to the incapacitated individual by hospital staff. The heterosexual partner is usually given information about the treatment and prognosis of the incapacitated individual, whereas the homosexual partner is often left in the dark. Without same-sex marriage, a homosexual couple would have to hire a lawyer to draft multiple estate planning documents in order to protect themselves These documents include wills, living trusts, living wills, durable powers of attorney for healthcare decisions, and durable powers of attorney for financial decisions. Although not legally binding, a directive regarding final arrangements, such as burial, cremation, and embalming, is also recommended (Hannibal, â€Å"Six Estate Planning Issues for Gay and Lesbian Couples†). The cost of hiring an estate planning attorney can be financially prohibitive, and even with all of these documents properly drafted and executed, a same-sex couple may not be as protected as a legally married couple. The protection is even more unlikely in a state that doesn’t recognize same sex marriage. Even for same-sex couples with all the right estate planning documents, lack of planning for worst-caseShow MoreRelatedAmerica Needs Same-Sex Marr iage and Families Essay1193 Words   |  5 Pagesstate of Massachusetts, same sex marriage has been legal since 2004 and thousands of people  have had the right to marry their partners. Although it was a long and difficult process, gay and lesbian couples no longer have to face marriage discrimination in Massachusetts due to their sexual orientation. However, many couples are still barred from this process through other individual state amendments. While it has been difficult to research the exact side effects of same sex marriage, a predominant resultRead More Let Gays Marry and Leave Marriage Alone Essay1278 Words   |  6 Pagespoints from the essay, Let Gays Marry, by Andrew Sullivan, and the essay, Leave Marriage Alone, by William Bennett. Some of these main points are taken from mutual beliefs of both authors and others are derived from the opposing opinions of the two. The first summary of Andrew Sullivan’s essay is a reflection of Andrew Sullivan’s stance of the issue. The original essay was in favor of allowing same sex marriage in America. My summary will dictate some of the arguments that I found to be the mostRead MoreEssay about Gay Marriage Does NOT Destroy Traditional Marriage1703 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is marriage? Marriage is defined as the legal union of a man and a woman. According to Psychology Today, marriage is the process by which two people who love each other make their relationship public, official, and permanent. While given the definition of marriage and most of society making same sex marriage nearly impossible; Psychology Today recognizes that â€Å"any† two people who love each other can come together and be united. In 1970, in Minnesota, the first gay couple to apply for a marriageRead MoreThe Issue Of Same Sex Marriage1434 Words   |  6 Pagesare a variety of important public issues being disc ussed publicly today, same sex marriage seems to be one of the most trending of them all. Part of this is due largely to fact that a vast majority of minorities in the United States are dealing with it today. This issue, however, sheds light on a few areas, primarily ethically, family values, morals, religious views and beliefs. What we need to consider is what same sex marriage consists of, the challenges and living as such, and finally the effectsRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legal Essay1348 Words   |  6 PagesMarriage is a commitment between two people who love each other and have chosen to spend the rest of their lives together, this is a pretty standard view of marriage. How that commitment looks from culture to culture can be very different. In the United States, today, marriage is viewed as a commitment of love and loyalty. Legally it is a binding contract between two people giving them the benefits of marriage i.e. tax benefits and legal decision making benefits . The big controversy facing theRead MoreShould Gay Marriage Be Equal?1387 Words   |  6 PagesGay Marriage in America The United Stated of America consists of many different types of people, all who take pride in their freedom. Recently, we had seen the reality of our â€Å"freedom,† which some may not really have considered America the land of the free, homosexuals especially. Just like the â€Å"normal† citizen in America, homosexuals like the idea of the American dream as well. And most Americans believe in, or enjoy the idea of marriage. People get married all across the country; people of allRead MoreEssay about Same-Sex Marriage Equality1322 Words   |  6 PagesSame-Sex Marriage Equality There are over 105 million households in the United States today and out of those households, there are over 1.2 million gay people living with same-sex partners (â€Å"Census on Gays in America†). This makes the proposed legalization of same-sex marriage one of the most significant issues in contemporary America. It is presently one of the most discussed reforms in law reviews and the American court systems. If legalized, it could be one of the most revolutionary policy decisionsRead MoreThe Rights of Human Beings790 Words   |  3 PagesThe Rights of Human Beings The support, laws, and the definition of marriage itself are changing at this very moment, and will continue to change. Same-sex marriage is becoming a hot issue, with nearly everyone under the age of 30 supporting it, yet there are still many things that need to happen before it becomes legal. The battle is ongoing and still has years ahead of it, but more and more politicians are now starting to see just where the American peoples interests are. The big issue howeverRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Respected1123 Words   |  5 Pagessociety, same-sex marriage should be respected at the same level as traditional opposite-sex marriage. â€Å"Marriage is the ultimate affirmation of a sexual relationship. Marriage is the institution in which we not only tolerate people having sex and housing children, but we encourage it and celebrate it as a society† (Foust 3). Most states attempted to avoid the same-sex marriage issue by defining marriage between man and woman, but that soon became an unexpected controversial issue (â€Å"Same-Sex MarriageRead MoreGay Marriage Should Not Be Legal934 Words   |  4 PagesGay Marriage Should Not Be Legal It’s unfortunate that people have misunderstood the meaning of marriage. Marriage is not just a term to describe relationship that are precious to us, it’s more than just a union of heart and mind; it’s an institution between a man and a woman. Biblically, marriage is a lifetime union of a man and a woman, primarily for the purpose of building a family and providing a stable environment for that family (1 Corinthian 7:2 16) According to Peter Sprigg, same sex marriage

Gender Inequality And Its Relationship With Sexual...

Gender Inequality and its Relationship with Sexual Dysfunction Drugs Susan Elwood Monmouth University Abstract This paper looks to discuss and expand on a news article and two other published articles which report on the lack of Federal Drug Administration (FDA) approval for a sildenafil drug or â€Å"female Viagra†. The articles remain constant in the description of what this drug would provide for women. However, they differ in describing the reasons why a drug has not been approved so far. For example, Thielen believes that efforts in the past have been rejected because of concerns relating to the possible side-effects that would come with a drug that would treat female sexual dysfunction (Thielen, 2014). Sifferlin also agrees that there must be more Federal Drug Administration (FDA) research before a pill will be widely accepted (Sifferlin, 2014). Also she feels that female sexual dysfunction is more complex than that with male sexual dysfunction because most cases are due to daily life stressors rather than a biological dysfunction (Thielen, 2014). Dvorak disagrees with this entir ely and believes that these generalizations made about women and the reasons for their lack of sexual desire having to do with emotions are because of gender stereotypes and rigid, antiquated gender roles (Dvorak, 2014). This paper examines Dvorak’s claims about gender inequality and how it is affecting the lack of options for women when it comes to treating sexual dysfunctionShow MoreRelatedThe Social Phenomenon Of Female Juvenile Prostitution Essay1652 Words   |  7 PagesIn order to understand prostitution, it is necessary to understand: 1. Lethal gender inequality 2. Incest and other childhood sexual assault 3. Poverty and homelessness 4. The ways in which racism and colonialism are inextricably connected with sexism in prostitution 5. Domestic violence, including rape 6. Posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, mood and dissociative disorders as consequences of prostitution 7. Drug and alcohol addiction 8. The fact that prostitution is a global business whichRead MoreThe Film Moonlight Film Analysis1806 Words   |  8 Pagesplot begins from the time he is in elementary school to the time he reaches adulthood. The plot is structured in three stages of the life of Chiron and touches on the topics of the struggle of dysfunctional households via socialization, sexuality and sexual identity, physical and emotion abuse, and the process of accepting ones self. The first stage of the film showcases the early stages of development through higher elementary school and middle school. Chiron lives with his mother, Paula, who is addictedRead More Developing an Appropriate Response to Child Abuse Essay2555 Words   |  11 Pagesits actual achievements† (Coleman et al. 2006:2). However, society has changed the way it views the issue, and is working towards finding a solution to this awful problem. Child abuse encompasses four main areas: physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, and neglect. Child abuse is considered a sociological phenomenon because it is a learned behavior. Learning the social patterns as to why people abuse will give a better understanding to its reasons, and also the development of society inRead MoreProblems of Society (Law, Crime, Punishment)7483 Words   |  30 Pagesthree films online here for free. (Titles: Samurai One, Samurai Two, Samurai Three) Underneath all the weaknesses is a genuine human desire to do well. When we delink ourselves from our source (Higher Power), we find ourselves either in a wrong relationship or in a wrong job, or simply in a wrong place at wrong time, but also in a wrong state of mind - causing us to do the wrong things, on the wrong side of tracks. * Poor judgment Lack of proper education and great role-models causes many toRead MoreSociological Perspectives Of A Young Person With Whom I Work2617 Words   |  11 Pagesby doing this I am complying with our organisations policy of confidentiality. This policy was designed to conform to the Data Protection Act of 1998 to ensure service users confidentiality. Laura comes from a single parent family. Her mother is a drug addict and she has never known her father. Laura is 14 and lives at home with her mother and younger sister. Laura frequently engages in anti-social behaviour and refuses to attend school, therefore, is educated at the Kibble s education and careRead MoreDelhi School Of Social Work3112 Words   |  13 Pagesinteractions, organization, and change. SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS Social institutions are a system of behavioral and relationship patterns that are densely interwoven and enduring, and function across an entire company. They regulate and structure the behavior of individuals by way of their normative role. Institutions regulate the behavior of individuals in core areas of society: a) family and relationship networks carry out social reproduction and socialization; b) institutions in the realm of education andRead MoreThe Case Of United States V Robinson3295 Words   |  14 Pagesfront of our faces. According to dosomething.org, it remains one of the top 3 crimes in the world, right behind drug trafficking. This is relevant because every year between 14,500 and 17,500 are trafficked into the U.S. each year, with the average cost of a human life is $90. Traffickers mostly use force, fraud, or coercion to entice their victims and force them into labor or commercial sexual exploitation. Human Trafficking, especially in other countries is the result of corruption, because the policeRead MoreSubstance Abuse And Homeless People3056 Words   |  13 Pagesmajor and complex public health problem. The total overall costs of substance abuse in the United States exceeds $600 billion per year. Substance abuse is often a cause of homelessness and homeless people report that drugs and/or alcohol were a major reason for them becoming homeless. Drug overdose is a new epidemic and it is the leading cause of death among homeless. At a state level, California accounted for more than 22% of the nation’s homeless population in 2013. Several determinants of health canRead MoreThe Correlation Between Parenting Style And Child Behavior1758 Words   |  8 Pagesparenting style is a parent’s pattern and demeanor as they engage their children, not determined by individual events, like a moment of conflict. She focused on two aspects of parenting: 1) Warmth- the degree to which a parent emphasizes parent child relationships through empathy and support 2) Firmness-the degree to which a parent emphasizes parental authority and obedience through discipline. The results of those two aspects of parenting were the basis of her four parenting approaches; authoritarian, neglectingRead MoreHiv/Aids Summary of Research Study8804 Words   |  36 PagesHIV-AIDS globally. The DOH National Epidemiology Center (2011) reported that from 1984 to 2011, there were 860 AIDS cases reported, 71% (613) were males. Of the reported AIDS cases, 323 (38%) had already died at the time of case reporting. Sexual contact was the most common mode of HIV transmission, accounting for 93% (799) of all reported AIDS cases. The number of HIV cases continues its upward trend, with the latest figure in January 2011, there were 152 new HIV Ab sero-positive individuals

The Portrayal of Women in American Literature Essay

The Portrayal of Women in American Literature Throughout American Literature, women have been depicted in many different ways. The portrayal of women in American Literature is often influenced by an authors personal experience or a frequent societal stereotype of women and their position. Often times, male authors interpret society’s views of women in a completely different nature than a female author would. While F. Scott Fitzgerald may represent his main female character as a victim in the 1920’s, Zora Neale Hurston portrays hers as a strong, free-spirited, and independent woman only a decade later in the 1930’s. In F. Scott Fitzgeralds, The Great Gatsby, the main female character, Daisy Buchanan, is portrayed by, Nick,†¦show more content†¦As seen in society today as well as in Fitzgerald’s time, men will have affairs outside of their marriages, and the wife, falls victim to this violation of faith. Daisy falls victim to Tom’s affair with Myrtle: â€Å"Daisy’s affection for Tom†¦was soon shattered by his breech of her trust† (Fryer 51). Matters take an abrupt turn in the novel however, when Daisy’s sudden insistence for honesty emerges. At the hotel in the city, when Gatsby pressures her into proclaiming that she never loved Tom she can no longer bear the anxiety. She refuses to deny her love of Tom. Daisy’s sudden, simple respect for the truth is startling to the reader because Nick’s perceptions of her throughout the novel are so very limited to her superficial manner †¦ her stubborn honesty †¦ is a logical outgrowth of her inner struggle to resolve conflicting needs. It is a brief, futile attempt to declare emotional independence (Fryer 54). Of course after this unpleasant, yet necessary upheaval, Daisy retreats into her melancholy and monotonous life of superficiality, leaving behind her lover as well as a mangled body in the streets of an unforgiving city. â€Å"[Daisy] is a victim of a complex network of needs and desires: she deserves more pity than blame† (Fryer 55). Daisy’s perplexity over her relationships with both Gatsby and Tom reflect the gender confusion in Fitzgerald’s time. Fitzgerald portrays Daisy as a victimShow MoreRelatedPortrayal of American Women Literature Never Changes Essays1259 Words   |  6 Pages Portrayal of American Women in literature never changes Over the last thirty decades, women have come secondary to the male population. American women have since sought to challenge and change this standard. We are tired of the oppression and mistreatment! Slowly but surely, women have strived to take a stand against prejudice and embrace the values of American freedom and equality. Even though women’s rights have progressed, we have yet to be treated as equal to the American male, especiallyRead MoreManifestation of Latin-American Gender Roles in American Media1220 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Manifestation of Latin Gender Roles in American Media Objective The objective of this study is to examine the manifestation of Latin gender roles in American Media. Towards this end, this study will examine the literature in this area of inquiry. Introduction Gender roles are reported to be generally defined as sex-based categories that specify appropriate rules of conduct for males and females in a particular culture or society. Although grounded in biological differences between males andRead MoreAnalysis Of Inuyasha And Othello 1373 Words   |  6 Pagesof evil, suspicion, wonder, exoticism and fear which gives small glimpses into the far-reaching effects of blackness embedded in Japan today. InuYasha and the portrayals of blackness in other anime like it, encouraged me to wonder about the effects subversive historical conceptualizations of blackness have on portrayals of African Americans. I began this study with a memory from my adolescents to implicate the importance of understanding â€Å"blackness† in contemporary Japanese culture, which grants conflictingRead MoreRace And Gender Roles : The Women On The Porch As Southern Gothic Literature893 Words   |  4 PagesSouthern literature, the portrayal of female characters evolved along side with the Southern culture. Female characters became more independent, strong-willed, and hardworking. Even African Americans became the main characters in Southern literature. In â€Å"Caroline Gordon’s Ghosts: The Women on the Porch as Southern Gothic Literature†, Tanfer Tunc discusses the evolution of the female character in Southern literature. Tunc also notes that traces of racism can still be found in Southern literature. EvenRead MoreThe Portrayal of Women in the American Literary Canon1512 Words   |  6 Pages Literature is not simply a reflection of society; it is in actuality much more powerful. Literature draws upon society and creates its own meanings and images. It possesses the power to either nourish or discourage societal values and ideals. Hence, stereotypical views on gender relations in society are reinforced by literary depictions of men and women. The American literary canon is a collection of books that are widely accepted as influential in shaping Western culture. Stereotypes areRead MoreFeminist Analysis Of Paradise Lost By John Milton1124 Words   |  5 Pageshis epic Paradise Lost that illustrates not only the consequences of disobedience from God, but the distinct gender differences between men and women. Through the perspective of feminist literary criticism, the portrayal of male domination and the inferiority of women are exemplified by the status, stereotypes, and roles women are assigned in Literature that has consequently transcended into western society. Both the Book of Genesis and Paradise Lost begin with the creation of the universe and humanityRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1272 Words   |  6 Pagesagelessness of his novels. This is clear with The Great Gatsby, a novel narrated by the character Nick Caraway and centered on Jay Gatsby’s short-lived life. This novel is a timeless piece of literature that is still relevant to American society today because of its attitude on materialism and its portrayal of feminism relating to the era and modern day. One theme that is prominent in the novel is materialism. This importance of money and material items relates to the â€Å"flapper era† in which theRead MoreBeauty Between Beauty And Beauty1140 Words   |  5 Pagesclass, race, and gender. Eventually changing the definition of how beauty is viewed. Beauty however, has become more important to women as majority research focuses on gender difference and the experience of physical attractiveness (Poran 2002). Since the early centuries, there have been numerous attempts to try and adhere to those existing beauty notions (Patton 2002). Women, of course, would follow these beauty standards rigorously. Nevertheless, the constant changes in society have always changedRead MoreWomen During The 19th Century1596 Words   |  7 Pagesin women’s roles in American literature. The first writings of 16th century America contained little reference to women at all. In the early 19th century, women play somewhat larger roles but remain only in supporting roles until later in the century when a shift takes place and women now hold leading roles as the heroines of stories. Not only does the character’s role change, but also beginning in the 1800s, a continual shift occurs in the portrayal of women. Initially, women were portrayed as membersRead MoreSummary Of The Last Of The Mohicans 1128 Words   |  5 Pagesto racist opinions and prejudices on both sides. James Fenimore Cooper’s The Last of the Mohicans, while endowing humanity to the Native Americans through certain character portrayals, actually reinforces stereotypes about Native Americans and ultimately suggests tha t they are an inferior race to whites. In the novel, Europeans feel superior to Native Americans, creating a clash between identities that does not permit coexistence. Although Hawkeye interacts with both cultures, â€Å"as a man without

Different Characteristics Of The SQL And Nosql Database - Samples

Question: Discuss about the Different Characteristics Of The SQL And Nosql Database. Answer: Introduction A critical decision that is generally faced by the manufacturing companies that are embarking on a big data project is to identify which database is to be chosen between the SQL and NoSQL database. Therefore, the storage of big data undergoes a critical decision making process that involves evaluation of both the databases in order to select an appropriate one. Although SQL has an impressive record of accomplishment in data storage and data access, NoSQL is making impressive gains as well. SQL is a relational database. It enables a rigid and structured way of storing data, much similar to a phone book. Therefore, in SQL the data is stored in an organized way as a well-designed schema minimizes the redundancy in data. This is a major advantage of SQL. However, SQL is not suitable for storing unstructured data, and here the NoSQL database comes into action (Sharma and Dave 2012). NoSQL database does not contain tables and instead, all the data is stored in a single file. The data can b e easily found but not generally categorized as that of relational database. The report discusses the different characteristics of the SQL and NoSQL database on basic of the data sources, dataset types, organizational readiness and affordability. Database and NoSQL Database: SQL Database SQL or structure query language provides a structured way of storing and retrieving data from a database. It is a more secure option of storing data as it allows only the authorized people to view or access data from the database. The big data type can be structures un-structured and semi structured as well. SQL database generally stores structured Data in form of tables containing rows and columns. NoSQL Database NoSQL is a completely different approach for the database design that accommodates a wide variety of data models, which includes key value document, columnar and graph format as well. Therefore, NoSQL database supports and stores the unstructured data as well unlike the SQL database. NoSQL was build for the purpose of integrating a large scale data base clustering in cloud and web applications. However, with the many benefits offered by the SQL database, there arise some constraints as well. NoSQL is not as secure as SQL and therefore large scale organizations such as Google and Amazon uses NoSQL database for focusing on the narrow operational goals, and use relational database in places where there is a need for high grade data consistency. NoSQL is beneficial in many cases for its ability to process a large amount of data. It is a non-relational database and allows a rapid analysis of large amount of data and disparate data types. Therefore, in course of time, the NoSQL databases h ave become a first alternative of the relational database with variety of advantages that includes scalability, availability and fault tolerance capability. The NoSQL database has therefore provided a number of competitive advantages in the different manufacturing industries. There are different types of NoSQL database, which includes the Graph database, key value store database, column store database and document database. The major reason for many business and manufacturing industries to adopt a NoSQL database over a relational database is the benefits it offers, which includes high velocity data processing, variety of data, capability of storing and processing a large volume of data and the capability of managing the data complexity (Hammes, Medero and Mitchell 2014). Furthermore, since the NoSQL environment are built in a distributed architecture the chances of downtime or failure is negligible. Data Sources and Dataset Types Involved in Big data The data sources are wide that includes public web, media, social media, data storage, sensor data, archives and so on. The public web data consists of government, weather, traffic, economic, census and similar data that are collected in a huge amount every day. Data related to media consist of images, videos, audios and other media files. Another huge source of data includes the data collected from different social media on a daily basis. The data storage consists of information stored on the different databases (Roijackers and Fletcher 2012). Collection of these data is important to understand the trends and target audience of the manufacturing industries. However, the collection of data for It can be collected from everywhere and helps different organizations and industries in many different ways. The huge size of the data makes it impossible for the big data to be managed by the traditional data tools. Therefore, need and evaluation of a proper database is essential for proper st orage and access of big data. Both SQL and NoSQL database can be effectively used for data storage and therefore it becomes difficult for the manufacturing companies to decide which database to choose. Few companies are better suited for using the SQL database if the primary criterion of the data security is its protecting the privacy and the confidentiality of the data (Li and Manoharan 2013). However, since the NoSQL is a hybrid type of database it provides many advantages of SQL database and therefore, it is increasingly adopted by the different business and industries. Therefore, it is certainly important to understand the requirements of the company in order to decide which database would be beneficial to adapt. Data Characterization Data characterization refers to the summarization of the general features or objects in a target class. It is an important aspect of the data storage. The different characteristics that defines the quality of data includes the accuracy and precision of the data, the legitimacy and data validity, reliability and consistency of the data. The SQL database provides completeness and comprehensives in storage and access of data. SQL enables data interaction. It is a declarative query language that provides a structured solution of the database. In this database, the data are organized in different tables and therefore data searching and data access follows a proper The NoSQL database on the other hand is a more informal and unstructured database. The NoSQL database is a mechanism for data storage and data retrieval that is not modeled in a tabular relations that is the base of SQL database. NoSQL provides scalability of the data and therefore it is more preferable for the many manufacturing organization in choosing NoSQL database over SQL database. Organizational readiness and Affordability With the advent of big data and data mining many organizations are making use of this technology to understand the business needs and target markets. Researches proves that data present in the world doubles in every two year and therefore, proper methodologies for data storage is essential. The NoSQL database involves different multitude database, and has different kind of data storage models (Nayak, Poriya and Poojary 2013). SQL is however, more costly to implement in relation to the NoSQL database. Therefore, the manufacturing organizations whose main aim of making use of big data is to understand the target audience and industrial trends can make use of the NoSQL database as it provides a more cost effective solution to the company. Since Big Data plays an important role in determining the business requirements of the major leading companies, organizational readiness is not a concern for the adapting to SQL or NoSQL database. Therefore, it is the requirements of the company and the affordability that is needed to be considered while making a choice. The NoSQL provides a schema-free design and breakthrough performance. There is however certain constraints that are associated with the NoSQL database, which includes the complexity with which the data is stored in the database. Therefore, if affordability is a criterion for selection of an appropriate database, NoSQL database will be considered for storing and accessing the data. Transaction Processing Requirements Transaction processing is used to maintain the integrity of the database by ensuring the all the SQL operations are either completed entirely or not completed at all. The transaction processing requirements of the manufacturing companies include the ease of storing and updating the data. This is offered by both SQL and NoSQL database. However, in SQL database, the data is needed to be stored in a structured manner, which is a major problem in the case of NoSQL database as it stores data in an unstructured manner (Pokorny 2013). However, the data processing speed of is higher in NoSQL database than SQL database. Data Privacy and Security Issues in SQL and NoSQL There are certain security issues associated with the SQL and NoSQL database for data storage. However, SQL is more secure than NoSQL. This is because the SQL database provides encryption of all the data files and only the authenticated users are allowed to access the data. On the other hand, the user authentication in NoSQL is not enabled by default and has very weak password storage. It is furthermore, increasingly vulnerable to SQL injections. Data is encrypted in SQL that helps in maintaining the confidentiality of the data. The NoSQL database lacks the encryption support for the data files, which is a major drawback of NoSQL database. The data at rest remains unencrypted in NoSQL database. These security risks are associated with Big data as it offers the opportunity of access a huge amount of data. Another area of concern in NoSQL database is the dataflow protection and data governance. Since the data stored in the SQL database are encrypted, it does not possess the risk of dat a theft or modification of data while it is being transferred. However, it is a persistent problem with NoSQL system, as there is no proper data governance model unlike SQL (Shar and Tan 2013). The use of NoSQL database is increasing consequently and therefore it definitely needs a proper data governance model. Therefore, on evaluating both the SQL and NoSQL database on grounds of security and confidentiality, there is no doubt on the fact that SQL database is more secure than NoSQL database. If security is a major criterion of evaluation, then SQL database must be the first choice of the company. However, SQL too have some concerns when evaluated on basis of the use and access of the big data. Since the manufacturing industries are embarking on big data in order to enhance their business processes and operation (McCreary and Kelly 2014). Having a tight security in the data access could therefore prove to be a hindrance for making use of the big data. The concept of data mining and big data includes the practice of examining a larger and pre existing database for generating new information. Accessing the information from a SQL database can be tiresome and difficult and therefore, it would be beneficial for the manufacturing industries to opt for the NoSQL database for efficient data storage and access. SQL or NoSQL? It is suggested for the manufacturing industries to consider the NoSQL database because- SQL database is schema oriented, which indicates that the structure of the data should be known in advance. This might be a problem for storing an unstructured data like big data. SQL databases are prone to serious performance bottlenecks, which can be challenge for processing unstructured data (Birgen, Preisig and Morud 2014). The data processing speed is high in NoSQL and the cost of data storage is low as well. Therefore, it can be said that NoSQL database is preferred over SQL database as it solves two major problems, scalability and simplified data storage. Conclusion Therefore, from the above discussion, it can be concluded that the it will be beneficial for the manufacturing industries to use NoSQL database for their big data projects. NoSQL will help in storage of the large amount of unstructured data like big data and in a very low cost as compared to SQL database. The SQL database is although more secure than NoSQL database, it can act as a hindrance for processing and accessing a large amount of data. Furthermore, NoSQL database provides a flexible schema structure for better storage and access of huge amount of data such as big data. NoSQL offers efficient architecture that offers horizontal scaling. The open source nature of the NoSQL further makes it more cost effective than SQL database. References Birgen, C., Preisig, H. and Morud, J., 2014. SQL vs. NoSQL. Hammes, D., Medero, H. and Mitchell, H., 2014. Comparison of NoSQL and SQL Databases in the Cloud.Proceedings of the Southern Association for Information Systems (SAIS), Macon, GA, pp.21-22. Li, Y. and Manoharan, S., 2013, August. A performance comparison of SQL and NoSQL databases. InCommunications, computers and signal processing (PACRIM), 2013 IEEE pacific rim conference on(pp. 15-19). IEEE. McCreary, D. and Kelly, A., 2014. Making sense of NoSQL.Shelter Island: Manning, pp.19-20. Nayak, A., Poriya, A. and Poojary, D., 2013. Type of NOSQL databases and its comparison with relational databases.International Journal of Applied Information Systems,5(4), pp.16-19. Pokorny, J., 2013. NoSQL databases: a step to database scalability in web environment.International Journal of Web Information Systems,9(1), pp.69-82. Roijackers, J. and Fletcher, G., 2012. Bridging sql and nosql.Master's thesis, Eindhoven University of Technology. Shar, L.K. and Tan, H.B.K., 2013. Defeating SQL injection.Computer,46(3), pp.69-77. Sharma, V. and Dave, M., 2012. Sql and nosql databases.International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering,2(8).

Human resource management in the hotel - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Human resource management in the hotel. Answer: Introduction In a hotel industry, accommodation management is an important factor in hospitality department. Better hospitality sectors invest their maximum amount of money in accommodation sectors. There are some planning companies who made accommodation process a lot easier for hotels. Customers want better-accommodated place and hotels are also trying to improve their infrastructure for better accommodation (Al-Refaie 2015). To ensure good travel experience, a better accommodation process and infrastructure is needed from hotels. Budget is the main factor of this accommodation process and management needs to invest a large amount of money for this accommodation process. Front office management is one of the important departments liable for better accommodation process. In this proposal role, task and functions of front office department has been discussed. There are some roles of customers and positive experiences are also highlighted in this proposal. Role of accommodation manager and viabili ty of outsourcing also discussed in this proposal. Roles, task and functions Front Office Department Role Front office department is one of the important sections of hotel as the managerial formation and functions are started from this place. Accommodation, booking, room changing and all other room facilities are initiated by the front office department. In most of the cases customers want a particular room and willing to pay extra amount of money, in such cases, front office department takes this initiative to allocate this room (Ahmad and Scott 2014). Accommodation managing like hotel policies, housekeeping maintenance, reservation of rooms and reception segmentation are the basic roles in front office department. Communication, dealing mentality, accountability, relationship maintenance, understanding the need for customers and monitoring all the departments of a hotel are the prime functions for front office department. Front office executives are handling people and operate the whole system of thehotel. There are phone bookings, internet bookings and even message bookings available (Benavides-Velasco, Quintana-Garca and Marchante-Lara 2014). So front office executives need to track that. Hotel goodwill, fame customer satisfaction and approaching a customer are the major aspects that a customer sees in a designated hotel. To acquire a good amount of customers for their hotel, infrastructure and higher management need to take better initiative to get progress in this section Task and Functions Customer handling and understanding their queries are the basic function of front office department. Front office executives have a large range of responsibilities. Check-in; check out, room servicing, query sections for room, online and offline payment, room number allocation, providing a particular room for a particular client, cancellation of rooms, same room for same customers, cash handling all these are allocated responsibilities of front office management employees (Boella and Goss-Turner 2013). There are certain systems for special guests and executives take special care of those people. They bring in more money for the hotel so they expect some quality welcoming or precious client handling from hotel executives specifically from the front office department. Handling complaints is another important function that front office department has to take care of (Boella 2017). Customers complaint about rooms, places, extra charges, bathrooms, small spaces in their guest rooms and fo r other problems also. This problem situation can be mitigated by the effective steps that have been taken by the hotel management. A better experience can be drawn from the customers if management determines all those problems and work over that (Xie, Zhang and Zhang 2014). Payment process handling is another function of front office executives and all payment related issues like online and offline payment, of payment form credit and debit card and from net banking are handled by them (Cantallops and Salvi 2014). There are several sections in front office department and specific people are allocated for specific jobs. Cashier, telephone operator, software maintenance, night auditor, helpdesk and receptionist all these are segments of front office department and they are doing their own responsibility as well. Role of customer and customer needs related to front office department Customers are also addressing some roles in a hotel. In case of accommodation, they want some particular room or want to pay extra for any kind of special attention. Customers also interact with front office executive for their payment related issues. Sometimes they acquire some benefits like discounts, coupons and all these facilities are channelized by the front office department (Gmar, Moniche and Morales 2016). Customers demand good food; innovative systems in hotel, big space, good environment and privacy which the hotel executives and management of the hotel take care of. There are some aspects which provide a better experience for customers and hotel management takes care of these aspects so that key attraction towards the hotel continues. In this globalized scenario, connectivity is the prime need that customers want in their daily life. Connectivity in form of telephone connection, Wi-Fi maintenance, breakfast, parking space, complementary foods and additional benefits are wanted by a customer. Customers want good value of the place and need to evaluate the hotel that has the capability of accumulating enough people (Melin-Gonzlez and Bulchand-Gidumal 2016). Customers also want technological advancement in hotel and want applications like mobile check-in; internet money transfer, mobile check out, privacy maintenance technology and all these technologies are creating chances for better customers accumulation in hotel. Customers also want security from the management which is one of the prime need that hotel authority needs to implement. There are s ome security persons allocated for that particular hotel and these are responsible persons for providing customers safety and security. Role of Accommodation manager in creating positive experience There are different job roles for Accommodation managers and they have to do their duties in an efficient manner so that the particular hotel can get a competitive advantage in this business market. Ensuring customers safety and security is the prime responsibility of accommodation manager. Develop a positive relationship with all sectors of the hotel including the outsourcing staffs, stakeholders and Control over the finance and allocate money for each section of hotel (Mok, Sparks and Kadampully 2013). Communicate with reception service employees so that they will understand the depth of that job that they are doing. Supervise the cleaning staffs and monitoring them. Take some important meetings with all departments and state the importance of their work and how it influenced customer satisfaction. Get involved with the infrastructure management and determine the sections of changes that need to be done. Arrange repair and maintenance cases so that everything will be organized at the hotel (Molina-Azorn et al. 2015). Motivate employees for better work and providing an easy way of adaptability for innovative work process. These are possible things that enhance customers experience and bring in some positive changes at the hotel. Customer service skill is the prime skill of accommodation manager and all those sectors are monitored by the manager. Better facility management is expected by customers and this is fulfilled by the accommodation managers. Viability of Outsourcing Outsourcing is a contract provided by a third party company. The parental company allocates one or several companies to do some specific job to save some money and resource. In case of the hospitality industry, accommodation section is controlled by front office department. As the technology has grown up people wish to use technological tools for their hotel booking and room selection (Nieves and Segarra-Ciprs 2015). In that case, many outsourcing companies are helping those people by providing them a platform to book such rooms. These companies are considered as outsourcers. There are some packages provided by those companies for enhancing their business. Hotel management also gets relaxed by that process as they need not take that pressure to allocate room to their customers (Padilla-Melndez and Garrido-Moreno 2014). Customers have already booked rooms and they just come in hotel and deliver their proof in mobile or in any hard copy. There are some advantages and disadvantages of t his outsourcing process. Benefits The main advantage of outsourcing is a reduction of fixed costs. Hotel can hire any services or another company to do this work and the cost for this particular service is set by that company. Therefore, no fixed rate has been applied to that service (Riley 2014). Better quality of product deliverance is another benefit. This is increasingly updated by the management as the technology is getting innovative day by day. Technological use is the prime benefit that customers wish to experience and they book their rooms through a different portal. In most of the cases management is not allowed to reserve any room but through different platforms, customers can do that. Drawbacks Companies are not getting a ntrol over those third party companies. There are different situations when third-party companies are generating extra discount or book a room for theextra price. So basically people accumulation is the main motive of these platforms and that is the reason they have allocated such discounts and all (Shamim, Cang and Yu 2017). Every company has aim and objectives. Third party companies are not so aware of that and they have set their promotional strategies which sometimes oppose the values of the company. There are some lacks of authenticity persisting in those platforms. People do not always believe such things and prefer to book in an authentic Third party employees are not always capable to hold the prestige and value of the parental hotel and for that reason, there are certain misconceptions arising in customers mind. Recommendation Front office department of a hotel needs to implement some strategic changes and has to include some innovative procedures for better outcome. There are some special clients who occasionally come at hotel and they invest whole lot of money. A special care is needed for them and that is also recommendation. Most of the hotels are not capable enough to implement innovative process due to the fear of non adaptability of their employees. But the processes need to be implemented so that customers satisfaction gets maintained by the hotel management and employees of that hotel need to adopt all those changes for maintaining sustainability in this competitive business market. Conclusion Hence, from above findings, it can be concluded that accommodation management is important for hotel establishment. Accommodation managers need strong communication, leadership and organizational skills and problems solving attitude within them. Customers are important factors for hotels as they want better infrastructure and service from hospitality sector which improves the market position of the hotel and give that a boost for bringing in ore customers with them. In this proposal, all aspect of accommodation issues and planning has been discussed to gain better customer experience from hotels. References Ahmad, R. and Scott, N., 2014. Managing the front office department: Staffing issues in Malaysian hotels.Anatolia,25(1), pp.24-38. Al-Refaie, A., 2015. Effects of human resource management on hotel performance using structural equation modeling.Computers in Human Behavior,43, pp.293-303. Benavides-Velasco, C.A., Quintana-Garca, C. and Marchante-Lara, M., 2014. Total quality management, corporate social responsibility and performance in the hotel industry.International Journal of Hospitality Management,41, pp.77-87. Boella, M. and Goss-Turner, S., 2013.Human resource management in the hospitality industry: A guide to best practice. Routledge. Boella, M.J., 2017.Human resource management in the hotel and catering industry. Taylor Francis. Cantallops, A.S. and Salvi, F., 2014. New consumer behavior: A review of research on eWOM and hotels.International Journal of Hospitality Management,36, pp.41-51. Gmar, G., Moniche, L. and Morales, A.J., 2016. Survival analysis of the Spanish hotel industry.Tourism Management,54, pp.428-438. Melin-Gonzlez, S. and Bulchand-Gidumal, J., 2016. A model that connects information technology and hotel performance.Tourism Management,53, pp.30-37. Mok, C., Sparks, B. and Kadampully, J., 2013.Service quality management in hospitality, tourism, and leisure. Routledge. Molina-Azorn, J.F., Tar, J.J., Pereira-Moliner, J., Lpez-Gamero, M.D. and Pertusa-Ortega, E.M., 2015. The effects of quality and environmental management on competitive advantage: A mixed methods study in the hotel industry.Tourism Management,50, pp.41-54. Nieves, J. and Segarra-Ciprs, M., 2015. Management innovation in the hotel industry.Tourism Management,46, pp.51-58. Padilla-Melndez, A. and Garrido-Moreno, A., 2014. Customer relationship management in hotels: examining critical success factors.Current Issues in Tourism,17(5), pp.387-396. Riley, M., 2014.Human resource management in the hospitality and tourism industry. Routledge. Shamim, S., Cang, S. and Yu, H., 2017. Supervisory orientation, employee goal orientation, and knowledge management among front line hotel employees.International Journal of Hospitality Management,62, pp.21-32. Xie, K.L., Zhang, Z. and Zhang, Z., 2014. The business value of online consumer reviews and management response to hotel performance.International Journal of Hospitality Management,43, pp.1-12.

People - Management and Organization

Question: Discuss about thePeople, Management and Organization. Answer: Introduction Pluto Telecommunication is a telecom company, which was founded in 1930. This report analyses about the problem suffered by Pluto Telecommunication in its operations. Along with this, this report will provide some alternatives for the solution of that problem. It also provides recommendation to management regarding the selection of alternatives to surmount the problem going on in Pluto. Problem Identification Pluto Telecommunication is facing many of the problems, which directly affect its market share. Pluto Telecommunication has three different departments, which are Sales, Customer service and Marketing. The problem, which is faced by Pluto Telecommunication, is that these three departments do not work together. Along with this, these departments work in against of each other. This kind of behavior of these departments leads to loss to the organization. This unprofessional behavior by the departments leads to losing of new orders by the company. It also increases complaints from the existing customers. In addition to this, the marketing department of the company had launched many of the products. But this is done without giving any prior notice and training to other departments. This will directly affect the sales of company. Analysis of problem Pluto Telecommunication is suffering from many problems, which affects the structure of the company roughly. In this case, it is found that there is an unethical behavior followed by the different departments. The analysis of this case can be done on the basis of the SOGI model: Societal, Organization, Group and Individual. Analysis at Organizational level Organizational Culture Each Organization is a mixture of organization culture and organization structure. According to Cresswell et al (2014), in every organization, unitary culture is followed. Veronica Tsang also followed the same culture in the organization. But in Pluto, the three departments made their own working culture, which is distinct from the main culture of the organization. In addition to this, the subculture, which is created by the departments leads to miscommunication and it also acts as a hurdle in achieving the organizational goal. The employees of the company should be innovative and practical enough to deal with the outsiders. This innovation can be developed among employees by adopting unitary culture in the whole organization. But strong culture not guaranteed success of the organization. IBM has the powerful organizational culture but till suffered from losses. Organizational Structure In the view of Erhemjamts et al (2013), Organization structure defines allocation, coordination and controlling of the activities for achieving the main aim of the organization. Structure of Pluto follows proper departmentalization system. In departmentalization, there is a proper hierarchy to be followed. In Pluto, all the three departments (i.e. Sales, Customer service and Marketing) give their reports to Ms Tsang. These departments develop their own organization structure, which leads to miss communication in Pluto Telecommunication. Furthermore, the marketing department of the company had launched many of the products. But this is done without given any prior notice and training to other departments. These departments do not connect to each other, which may affect its working in significant way. The same problem is faced by Mr. Jeff Bezos (CEO Amazon). Analysis at Group level Group Structure Group structure in Pluto Telecommunication is distinct in different departments. Sales department follows intentional group features. On the other hand, customer service department follows bureaucratic structure and the marketing department has used structure of teamwork. Intentional group permits all the employees to participate in all the activities of the department (Vandichel et al 2015). The employees of the sales department work as individuals for achieving the goals, which leads to discords among them. Customer service department follows the proper bureaucracy in its working, which includes working under proper level of hierarchy (Onyekwelu et al 2015). This department works under a set of law, rules and regulations. This working style may struggle in new circumstances. Along with this, marketing department of the company focuses on the teamwork but the department fails to identify the proper level of structure. This failure also affects in the achievement of the goal of the o rganization. Group Culture Group culture of Pluto telecommunication differs according to change in department. The sales department follows the culture of rewards and recognition based on performance of employees. Rewards are conferred to employees benefits based on their performance in achievement of goal of department (Aguinis, 2013). In the customer service department, the style of working and authority is clearly defined, where the performance is tightly controlled by the head of the department. Due to this, it is not able to adopt the changes effectively. The employees of marketing department follow the same independent culture. This behavior of the employees affects the interdepartmental communications. In Pluto, this kind of the group culture is followed, which leads to disintegration in the organization. Analysis at Individual level Leadership Leadership plays a very vital role in the success of an organization. In Pluto Telecommunication, it is analyzed that Ms Tsangs leadership has failed to guide the employees of company in achievement of business goals. The above analysis has found that Ms Tsang feels that the entire departments heads criticize her work for the failure of the company. She feels that she is cornered by all the male directors of the company.In words of Peter Drucker, A leader is someone, who has followers. Ms Tsang should develop herself as a transformational leader to improve the condition in the company. She should transform her employees to work effectively and accurately. The similar situation is faced by Marissa Mayer (CEO, Yahoo). She has also failed to lead the organization effectively. Motivation In Pluto Telecommunication, different departments motivate their employees in different ways. In the sales department, the employees can gain the rewards by achieving their individual targets. For earning reward, employee works individually and which leads individual work rather than teamwork. But, payment of rewards to employees cannot motivate employees. In the customer service department, bonus system is applied to motivate the employees to work effectively. At a certain point of time, motivation of the employees is from fear of failure e.g. warnings. In marketing department, performance targets are not clearly defined. Due to this, some employees feels undervalued in the department. Theory of W. Edward Deming also states that paying rewards and benefits to employees do not properly motivate them. Alternatives After the Organization Structure Pluto Telecommunication can change its organization structure to dissolve the given problem. Pluto should launch itself in the market as a whole unit instead of personal grouping in the departments. This can increase working flexibility and accuracy in company. Pluto should develop coordination among employees of different departments through group assignments and meetings. Pluto can reengineer its structure in the way that creates dependency of departments on each other. This can create sense of obligation among all. After Company Reward System for Improving Motivation Reward system is helpful in short-term motivation, but it is not effective for long-term motivation among staff (Kerr, and Rifkin, 2013). The goals assigned to employees should be clear, and challenging but attainable. Pluto should change its reward system by applying the flexibility model in the reward system where the employees are given the reward according to their performance. In addition to this, Pluto should improve a wide variety of the reward system, which will help in removing the barrier of communication among departments. Conduct Regular Meetings Regular company meeting can be conducted in the organization to eradicate the gap between the departments of the organization. These meetings are necessary to review the quarterly progress of the departments. Meetings can be helpful in bridging up the communication gap between the departments. Regular company meetings will create a sense of urgency for each department to share departmental progress at the meeting. Regular meeting of departments will give the information about the departments, which will help the other departments in deciding their actions accordingly. Develop Involvement Culture Involvement culture is the culture, which focuses on the participation of the companys employees in different activities, contest, and decision-making ( boyd, D. 2014). Pluto needs to change its organization culture and to adopt the culture of involvement to achieve business goals.Ben Jerry's Homemade is one of the examples of the organization, which has successful adopted this culture. This will motivate the employees to work together towards the achievement of organizational goals rather than personal goals. Delegation of Power and Responsibility: Delegation of power and responsibility can increase the performance of employees. The Pluto telecommunication should use decentralized organizational structure, where the power to take discrete action and responsibility is delegated to proficient employees in the organization based on their performance. This will motivate other employees to work at best to get the higher position in the organization. The feeling of control over others is one of the ways for motivation among employees. Recommendation Pluto Telecommunication should conduct the regular meetings, as it is necessary to remove the communication gap among three departments. The meetings held will remove the communication gap and will help to track progress/performance of departments. This will also lead to harmony among the departments. In the long term, Pluto Telecommunication can transform its organization structure to improve its working. This change of the structure should be in the way to improve the flexibility and accuracy in the working of the company. Structural change can improve the sales of Pluto Telecommunication. Apart from this, the organization should adopt the involvement culture for timely achieving the organizational goals. In this culture, the groups should be given privilege to participate into decision-making of organization. Furthermore, Pluto Telecommunication should develop proper communication system in the organization. This will remove the communication gap and establish the coordination among the departments. Plan of Action The management shall need to develop agenda to call a meeting of the departments. There should be properly mentioned time, venue, date in notice of meeting. The notice needs to be prepared and sent to each department. While in reward system, the reward policy of company should be reviewed to diagnose need of possible change. Reward distribution policy can be improved through evaluation of best reward policy in industry. To change in organizational structure, first, prevailing structure of organization will be analyzed to determine the problem with this structure, and then possible remedies will be developed. The views of employees and upper management personnel can also be invited for this purpose. Conclusion From above report, it can be concluded that the main problem suffered by the Pluto telecommunication is the communication gap among departments. There are various alternative solutions that can be employed for solving this problem such as regular meeting of departments, change in organizational structure, delegation, and improving the reward system. Based on analysis of problem and alternative, regular meeting, improvement in reward system, and change in organizational structure are recommended to company to solve the problem. Reference Aguinis, H., Joo, H. and Gottfredson, R.K. (2013) What monetary rewards can and cannot do: How to show employees the money.Business Horizons,56(2), pp.241-249. boyd, D. (2014) It's Complicated: The Social Lives of Networked Teens. USA: Yale University Press. Cresswell, C., Moizer, J. and Lean, J. (2014) The Role of Organisational Culture in the Merger of English Local Authorities into a Single Unitary Authority.Local Government Studies,40(3), pp. 356-379. Erhemjamts, O., Li, Q. and Venkateswaran, A. (2013) Corporate social responsibility and its impact on firms investment policy, organizational structure, and performance.Journal of Business Ethics,118(2), pp.395-412. Kerr, S. and Rifkin, G. (2013) Reward Systems: Does Yours Measure Up?.USA: Harvard Business Press. Myatt,M. (2015) Marissa Mayer: A Case Study In Poor Leadership. [Online]. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/mikemyatt/2015/11/20/marissa-mayer-case-study-in-poor-leadership/#4e38a9ab3795 (Accessed: 16 August 2016). Onyekwelu, R.U., Okpalibekwe, U.N. and Dike, E.E. (2015) The Bureaucracy And The Challenges Of Policy-Formulation And Implementation: The Nigerian Experience..Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review (Oman Chapter),4 (10), p.12. Rosin, T. (2015) Key issues with Amazons corporate culture. [Online]. Available at: https://www.beckershospitalreview.com/hospital-management-administration/9-key-issues-with-amazon-s-corporate-culture.html (Accessed: 16 August 2016). Vandichel, M., Hajek, J., Vermoortele, F., Waroquier, M., De Vos, D.E. and Van Speybroeck, V. (2015) Active site engineering in UiO-66 type metalorganic frameworks by intentional creation of defects: a theoretical rationalization.CrystEngComm,17(2), pp. 395-406.